Friday, 13 January 2012

Panama Canal Cruise 2011 Fort Lauderdale to San Diego


Cruise Map
    The Cruise  -   Fort Lauderdale  to  San Diego

            We took advantage of the offer from the RV park to provide us with transport to the cruise dock. Whilst we were at Fort Lauderdale we were not aware that the cruise terminal was about 15 miles away and the security required to be passed through, made us thankful that we did.
Once aboard the ship “Celebrity Infinity“  we were invited to lunch before going to the cabin as the cabins were not ready. It also allowed us the opportunity to explore the ship and find out where things are. The cabin was a bit of luxurious space after ten weeks in the RV. The onboard programs cater for all tastes and often one has to choose between a couple of desirables as they overlap.
There is a large stage auditorium where a great range of programs, musicals, lectures and of course the obligatory “Bingo” is held each day.  The ship is dotted with several bars, dance floors, and venues for all sorts of programs.   We were allocated a reserved spot on the early dining session.6pm on table 419.
We have 4 American men at our dinner table,  they are all good company and it make the evening meal something to look forward to, they are amazed at what we have done and reckon we know more about American history than they do. We have already seen more of America than most of the Americans we speak to.
As usual there are some obnoxious travelers but we can be selective on this ship as it has so many nooks and crannies. Would you believe our cabin neighbours are from Wonthaggi  Vic.Other couples are from Altona and South Morang.  Another from Sydney and another from Brisbane, there are a lot more but we have not met them.
On the second day out we passed between the islands of Cuba and Haiti and headed for Columbia, where we docked at Cartagena ,

Cartagena, Columbia
We had arranged a tour of the area and were met at the dock by  a string of buses, We were taken to the old 17th century Fort San Filipe de Barajas for a guided tour, then on to the walled city, an old part of the town which houses the Dungeons and the Inquisition Palace, where the persecutors used the “Spanish Inquisition” to torture and extract money from the inhabitants, in the name of the Catholic Church, for “Crimes against the church”. A gruesome display but fascinating.
Also inside the Walled City, The Church of San Pedro Claver was  in session with mass at the time of our visit, so we were able to visit the adjoining monastery.  After a look at the beaches with their black sand and the developing tourist trade by the look of the massive resort hotels being built, we headed back to the security of the ship. 

Colon, Panama
Overnight the ship sailed to Colon in Panama, situated at the Atlantic end of the Panama Canal, we docked there in the morning and joined a tour that took us to Panama City where we toured the old “Colonial City” which is quite distinct from the new modern Panama City, which presents a skyline as large and modern as Sydney, with all the skyscrapers. The old city is where the history is and whilst there are a lot old buildings that are abandoned and in a state of decay, there is a huge amount of work going on to restore the buildings, give it another five years and it should be an eye-opener. 

The Panama Canal.
We were then bused out to the Miraflores Locks the last set of locks that we would be going through the next day. Here we were able to see ships going through the locks, see some of the history and story behind the building of the canal and the plans that are already in process for the extension to the system. At the moment there is a term in marine technology known as “Panamax” which refers to the maximum width of a vessel to enable it to go through the locks of the canal. The use of the canal saves the shipping lines 4 weeks of travel were they to go around the bottom of South America.
The Panamanians, who now have total ownership and control of the canal since it was given over by the USA in 1999 after a 20 year progressive hand over program, following many years of political dispute The Independence of Panama by breaking away from Columbia was tied to the US building the canal.  The canal project first muted by the Spanish in 1527, but it was started in 1880 by the French, however it was a disaster, as they had tried to employ the same techniques that they had used in building the Suez Canal just prior. But the Suez was built on a flat terrain and dredged through sand. The terrain in Panama was to go across the mountains which form part of the Continental Divide of the Americas. The Diseases of Yellow Fever and Malaria had caused many thousands of deaths for both the French and later the Americans.  The USA then offered to build the canal as they saw it as a necessary defence project, to help accommodate their Navy which was split between the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans.  After starting along the path that the French had taken, it was realized that the task was impossible and the project was halted for two years whilst new plans were developed.  Instead of the one level canal proposed by the French, the newly appointed US Railroad Engineer John Stevens, designed the lock system that is in use today. The system relies on the Chagres River to provide the 26 million gallons of water to operate the lock for each ship’s entry and again for it’s exit from the man made Gatun lake. That 26 million gallons of water is delivered in 8 minutes. A ship of Panamax size has only 2ft clearance on each side whilst in the lock. Locos known as “Mules” are connected to the front and rear of each ship and whilst the ship moves forward under it’s own power, the mules monitor and adjust it’s direction. A huge container ship, fully loaded, which entered the locks just before us paid $450,000 in toll, our cruise ship was charged about $340,000 which equates to $175 per passenger. With 45 ships per day transiting the canal, it is not hard to see where the country’s main revenue comes from. Construction is well underway to build a duplicate set of locks at each end which will allow for wider ships with double todays load, to use the canal and with a 60% saving in water usage. This project should be completed by 2016.
We are both enjoying the cruise, aided very much by the fact that we have had very calm seas all the way so far. The Atlantic and the Caribbean were surprisingly calm, but we are now in the Pacific Ocean, so far all is calm and well.  Life on board can be pretty hectic, working our way between all the eating facilities, meals are great, with a wide range to choose from. Our most important day of course was on Tuesday 18th, when we sailed through the Panama Canal. From Colon we entered the Gatun locks at 7am where the ship goes through three locks raising the ship 26 metres above sea level, where we enter Gatun lake, we then sailed 30 kms through the lake to the start of the Culebra Cut. This is the start of a 14 km section that was cut through a mountain range, to the Pedro Miguel Lock, the first of the locks to lower the ship 9.5 metres , another 1.6kms and we entered the Miraflores  Locks which lowers the ship in two stages down to the level of the Pacific Ocean, the travel time through the canal is 8 to 10 hours. All very fascinating, we were up at 5.30 to get a spot at the front to take the photos we so desperately need. Of course once we secured a good spot on the rail, we could not leave it or we would not get back there, once through into Gatun Lake we returned to the cabin where we were able to take advantage of our balcony to watch the lake go by, then it was back to find another spot for the transit through the cut and the exit locks. Needless to say we were both like shining beacons after our day out doors, I look in the mirror and think I still have my sunglasses on with the shape of them clearly outlined from my sunburned face . There was little sun on the day, it was overcast and it was more wind burn that we got, all looks and feels  the same. But given that we are in their “Wet Season” we were fortunate to have it clear all day.
The other bright news is that our agenda on the ship has included a dance just before dinner and then again a couple  more . Yep we have been slowly working up with the dances and actually had a few compliments passed yesterday, so that is a great relief in our stages of hip recovery.
So now it’s a point of pacing ourselves, so we do not over do it and checking out the different bands and dance floors. We found that the main floor is made from stainless steel with strips of lights set in it, bugger to dance on, at least with our style of dancing anyway, so we have given that one the flick. 

Puntarenas, Costa Rica.
Once through the canal the ship headed north, with it’s next port of call being Puntarenas in Costa Rica. Our shore excursion here was a train, boat and bus trip through the area, we were very fortunate with the weather, at the time of our arrival it was fine and had been so for the past two days, during the week prior to that, there had been 120 inches of rain. The rivers were swollen and running very fast. We learned that the Republic of Costa Rica was the original “Banana Republic” as it’s wealth was built on the supply of bananas to the world markets, Coffee and Pineapples are  now major exports. It appears a tax of 40% on wages, allows for education, medical to be provided. As in Panama, there is no army, they wish to remain neutral with the world. Back on board for lunch and we were planning a trip to the local market, however the sky opened up and those on the afternoon excursions from the ship came back drenched, needless to say we passed on our market visit.

Puerto Quetzal, Guatemala.
A day at sea before our next stop which was Puerto Quetzal in Guatemala, Our excursion here took us to the City of Antigua Guatemala, a ninety minute drive from the Port. Antigua is set in the mountains, at 4500ft above sea level, it is surrounded by 3 active volcanoes and coffee plantations. Antigua was listed by UNESCO in 1979 for it’s Cultural Heritage. Whilst a lot of damage has been caused by the volcanoes and earthquakes over the years it still seems to hold together, we visited the ruins on and old Cathedral and a monastery, which is in a state of preservation and still being used, it was being set up for a wedding while we were going through. The Mayan Civilization was active in Guatamala from 300BC to 1500AD  and whilst the remains of their temples etc are some 200 miles to the north of Antigua, there are many artifacts that are displayed in the old buildings in the area.  The streets are all paved with cobblestones and the buildings all appear to be held to their original structures.  The country is basically dependent on it’s rural crops of Coffee and Sugar. Jade is a major industry here, it was lost for 300 years as the Spanish deemed the wearers of jade to be worshiping a false god and was punishable by death, so the use and mining of jade was set aside, until an American Geologist went searching for and found the old mine sites around 1980.
Sunday and we woke to a real ocean, none of this mandy pandy flat stuff, now we have white caps all over, with waves to about 6ft, still the ship did not pitch too much, but by lunchtime we were back to the norm of calm seas.

Puerto Vallarta, Mexico.
Monday, also a day at sea before we reach Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. We are travelling at about 18 knots, so it takes us two days to do the 850 miles from Guatamala. This gave us the opportunity to get in a bit more dancing, hope we don’t wear out the new hip before we get home.  We are advised that US Customs is to make a full inspection of all passengers when we dock at San Diego on Friday and will probably be delayed by about 3 hours. As our plane doesn’t leave until 11pm from LA we will still be OK to make it, have organized a hire car, just need to get a cab to the airport in San Diego to pick it up.
Our day in Puerto Vallata was a just OK excursion, not well organized, but at least we were able to have a tour around the area, It is hard to come to terms with umpteen buses all flooding the town with tourists from the ship, groups wandering off all over, following a guide holding up a stick, you never seem to be close enough to hear what is being said so you turn off and just look, (and photograph). We had lunch at a Hacienda and were entertained by local dancers and entertainers in national costume. We left port at 3pm and set sail for Carbo San Lucas, Mexico, our last port before San Diego.

Carbo San Lucas, Mexico
It was quite strange, as we are traveling up the West Coast, but when we sailed into Carbo San Lucas the sunrise was behind us, which meant we were facing West.  Carbo San Lucas is just around the corner of Land’s End, a group of rocks which define the entrance to the Gulf of California or as it is more widely known “The Bay of Cortez”, which at that point is about 50 miles wide.  Carbo San Lucas  has no deep sea port, so we had to go ashore by tender. There were two other cruise ships in the bay so there were tenders going back and forth to all three all day. It was a busy bay with glass bottom boats, parasailing, jet skis and fishing boats all zipping around the bay. We had no organized tour arrangements, so we went ashore to have a look around, we were approached by a pedal cycle taxi to be chauffeured around town.   We finally gave in to the 2nd approach and were pleased with the result, the poor guy pedaled for an hour showing us the sites of the town, he got a midway break when we arrived at the beach at the front of a nice set of condominiums, maybe a time share facility.  Along the way we were told of the influence of US movie stars that have homes in the area, Madonna being one of them. Apart from the tourism and fishing there doesn’t seem to be much industry, so it was a big deal that there were three cruise ships in the bay. It also meant that bargaining was not as fierce between competitors as there was an oversupply of customers. There were no trees apart from those obviously planted for street or hotel adornment. The surrounding area was just barren rock, with houses seemingly hanging on to the cliffs overlooking the water.
The Ship left promptly at 3pm and we took advantage of the time to start packing our bags for the disembarkation.

Across The South by RV, Los Angeles to Miami, 2011


After a fairly easy flight from Melbourne Australia, in the Qantas sardine section, the last row (88) so I suppose you could say we had a longer ride. We arrived in LA at 6.50am on Friday 5th Aug. What with customs and a bit of a wait for the Disneyland Express, we were settled in at the RV park by 10.30. Time to do some stocking up of supplies and make sure all was ready for the road for the next day. 
Saturday we headed to Palm Springs a resort area on the edge of the desert, noted for its health retreats for the rich & famous. The surprise before we got there was the massive amount of wind turbines that adorned the hills and flat land in the valley, literally thousands of them. It almost  looked as if they were touching the next one, they were so close, row after row of them.
We headed to the Palm Springs Aerial Tramway which takes you to the top of the mountain, it is also used as the access to the Mount San Jacinto State Park at the top which is a favourite spot for Telemark Skiing during the snow season.  From the top you got a better appreciation of the surrounding area and the spread of the wind turbines below, it would be interesting to know how much power is generated in the area.
Palm Springs itself seemed a bit clinical, all well laid out with a lot of gated communities as well as health resorts.            See Photos

Joshua Tree National Park.
We headed around to Joshua Tree so we enter the Joshua Tree National Park from the east and work our way down. The park is another example of variety in the National Parks in the USA, Whilst it is a desert, it is completely different to the others that we have visited and it has many different sections within the park, The top section is full of Joshua Trees and smooth rounded boulders, we found an excellent RV campsite in the “Jumbo Rocks” Camping area. The next day as we headed west though the park the Joshua Trees disappeared and the general geology of the park changed completely, different areas seemed to have large pockets of varying sorts of cactus. At one area we were looking at the site of an inland sea back in pre history  times.  Cottonwood Spring , being a rare supply of fresh water, was used as an oasis for the local Indians and as well the cowboys traveling through. Another value in traveling east to west through the park is that it is mainly downhill all the way.
After leaving the park we joined Highway 10 which we would be using as our main direction across the states, but leaving it for periods allows you to relax with the driving and see more of the countryside. We passed by the General Patton Museum at Chiriaco and moved on to Quartzsite.      See Photos

Quartzsite.
A small town just over the border in Arizona, which has become a Rockhound’s Paradise for the past 50 years. The town is inundated with RVers escaping the cold winters in the north of the USA, some 2000 vendors of  gems, rocks, minerals, fossils etc converge on the town to trade with the million visitors that arrive in their RVs, mainly during January and February.  Being August when we arrived, the town was like a ghost town, dozens of RV parks closed down just waiting for it to start again next year, It reminded us of Skagway in Alaska where they had to make their money in 4 months then desert the town until the next season starts. We did manage to find an  RV park operating and very nice it was too. We have set ourselves the need to check into RV parks more often on this trip, as we are still in the hot period. So the power for the air conditioner will be our little bit of luxury. The odd spar or pool might not go unused either for that matter.
We turned off the highway 10 to head towards Wickenburg and the near by ghost town of Vulture City. Along the road as soon as we left the Highway 10 we started to notice RV parks dotted all along the road through the desert, we could not work out how they survived, they all looked in limbo and a lot of RVs in storage, but it still wasn’t making any sense. We later find that these are for the “Snow Birds”  mainly retirees from the northern states, who travel to the area to escape the severe winters of the north, what on earth they could find to do in the middle of the desert is beyond us, there was no obvious activity available. On through a town called “hope” with it’s “Little Church Of Hope”  a short distance further along was a sign “You are now beyond Hope”. Wickenburg  was a very impressive town, all neat and well groomed,  Vulture City gold Mine was another story, hot, dusty, and of course all fallen into heaps of rubble, but interesting.
See Photos 

Carefree,  Fountain Hills & Phoenix
          From Wickenburg we moved on to Carefree, a town some 25miles north of Phoenix the state’s capital. Carefree boasts the USA’s largest sundial, the arm is 62 ft long and points to the North Star.
Whilst the Sundial was impressive with it’s very manicured desert cactus surround, so to was the town, or suburb of Carefree, the whole area seemed newly developed with it’s Mexican flat roofed houses all of earthy tones and nature strips, front yards all being beautifully laid out with varieties of cactus as the mail ingredient and pebble rather than grass as the ground cover. We know the sundial was built in 1959, so the whole area must have had major makeovers during the past 52 years.  We later moved on to Fountain Hills, which unsurprisingly has as it’s town feature, one of the tallest fountains in the world, It has been in operation since 1970 and the water can reach a height of 562 ft, although for most days it is limited to 330 ft, still impressive, each year on St Patrick’s Day the water is dyed green. Like Carefree, Fountain Hills seemed very up market with the same care and attention to the nature strips both side and centre, and the same impressive quality of housing. If people are doing it tough over here, it doesn’t show in this part of Arizona. We were to find out later that those two areas are the top shelf spots around Phoenix.  We stayed at an RV Park in Tempe, a suburb of Phoenix, a light rail “Metro” system outside the front gate was convenient, cheap, clean and gave that same feeling of pride on the city that we have gathered from the other towns that we have so far visited in Arizona, The freeways are uncluttered, general wide streets. No such thing as peak hour congestion. You would have to say that this would be a place you could adopt, but only so long vas you could take the 5 months a year of 100 degree heat.      See Photos

The Apache Trail
We moved on through Apache Junction and took the scenic Apache trail, past Mt Superstition and the Lost Dutchman Gold Mine, which apparently isn’t lost any more. after running out of bitumen and winding our way through 20miles of unmade (7-10mph) corrugated road with incredible scenery, we set up camp in the Apache Lake Resort, again  “a room with a view”. And to top it off and make us feel at home, we were nestled in under a gum tree.
Both of our cameras have been working overtime, but so far, have not taken the opportunity to view them. Next day we had another 12 grueling miles of the same 7– 10 mph until we reached the Theodore Roosevelt Dam, and a relief it was too. But for all of that, the scenery was worth it.      See Photos

Tonto National Monument.
We called in at the Tonto National Monument which features a series of cliff dwellings constructed by  the early Indians in the 1100 to 1300AD era. A half mile hike up a 13% grade in 104 degrees of heat, what do they say about mad dogs and Englishmen? The smart half of this duo sat back in the air-conditioned lounge and waited for the photos to be taken.       See Photos
We headed to Florence, a town boasting more heritage buildings than any other in the state, they were a bit boring but we were confronted with a town that seems to have become the home for a great lot of prisons, They were all over the place, the mainstream state prisons, maximum security, death row, women’s prisons juvenile justice centres, private prisons, federal prisons, they even had prisoners there from Hawaii and Alaska. To top that off as they are now a federal seat, they have the Sherriff’s prison and the immigration detention centre.  The locals reckon it is a safe place to live, there is that much law enforcement there.
On our way to Tucson I had my childhood memories of Tom Mix all but destroyed. All those trips to the local theatre to see Tom Mix tackle the baddies during the 1948 -52 period and all the time he was an ex Tom Mix, he had died in 1940, we came across a monument to him along the way.       See Photos

Tucson
          We settled in at the Prince of Tucson RV Park for 2 or 3 nights.
A drive around Tucson gave the same impression of respect and appreciation for the amenities, the freeways are almost an art form, with their decorative trims and colours, no such thing as plain old concrete grey. Again, graffiti is at a minimum, don’t know if they have the death penalty for graffiti artists, but what ever they are doing, it works.   See Photos 
                                    


2.      Tucson, Arizona   to  Alpine, Texas    See Route Map

Pima Air Museum
Our first day at Tucson we sheltered from the heat for a while, then took off in the afternoon to see the Pima Air Museum, (Pima being the County of Pima). The museum has a fantastic range of aircraft, including “Air Force 1” the official plane for Presidents Kennedy and Johnston, so it probably was the plane that flew Johnson to Australia, when he was given the famous “All the way with LBJ” line. Unfortunately for Lorraine, as we were there in the afternoon, we had missed all of the transported tours, so we had to leg it. Damned hot it was too.      See Photos

Old Tucson Studios
The following day we set ourselves the task of “The old Tucson Studios” and the “Desert Museum” We were first at the gate for Old Tucson. There were hundreds of western movies shot here since 1939, when it was built for the filming of “Arizona” It has been turned into a theme park /movie set, as there are still some movies done here as well as commercials, but of course the Western is no longer the flavour for movies or TV,  The list of stars that have plied their craft here, includes Russell Crow and Paul Hogan. A real memory lane trip. They had some stunt shows and dance hall stuff going on, but not to the Disneyland standard.        See Photos

Desert Museum
On to the Desert Museum which is only 3 -4 miles away from Old Tucson, we were advised that as it was Saturday they had an evening session with extra features, the cooler evening sounded good, which is another reason we tacked it on the same day. The museum was a cross between a zoo and a botanic garden, there were snakes, mountain lions, bear, humming birds among the other birds and of course cactus, all sorts of cactus, it seems that Arizona is the cactus state, their emblem is the Saquaro Cactus, (pronounced Swaro) it is a huge cactus but only grows 1 inch per year, takes between 50 to 75 years before it will grow arms, (had a photo with the last emailing) many never grow arms. Our day was pretty full 9 ‘til 9 so we were both pretty knocked out by the time we got back to the bus.  Lorraine’s walking really stood up to it. But we did take plenty of opportunities to grab a seat in the air-conditioned theatres. Still we were to give it another nudge the next day.
On heading out of Tucson we got back on the freeway system and headed across town to the “Colossal Caves”, about 2mile to the east, The caves were dry, so there was no slippery bits for Lorraine to encounter, other than the 352 steps through the cave, so it was quite a challenge. Don’t think we will tackle another cave for a while though.          See Photos

San Xavier Mission
We moved on to the San Xavier Mission, just south of Tucson, the mission was built in the 1700s and is apparently the only one of it’s kind that did not get burnt down, it has operated as an active church to the local Indians continuously.  There is a massive restoring exercise going on, to the point where experts from the Sistine Chapel in Rome have been bought in to advise the restoration team. The team is headed up by an expert from the Guggenheim Museum, and an army of experts from Italy, France, Spain, Mexico, etc are all pulling together to restore the mission to it’s original state.
We checked out some genuine Indian “Fry Bread” from a stall outside the mission, I had read about it and had downloaded some recipes but after looking at the size of all of the Indians behind the stall, decided to only buy one to share and give a try. It was very nice.         See Photos

Tombstone
We moved down to Nogales on the Mexican border, it was all pretty grotty so we kept pushing along to Tombstone. Well we were quite surprised to find the town is very much alive, they have an authentic “Shootout at the OK Coral” each day at 2.00 which is the time of the actual gunfight, a repeat is run at 4.00 (but that is a copy, not the real time). We booked in to the Wells Fargo RV Park which is right in the centre of town and almost next door to the OK Coral, so we can walk every where and will stay a couple of nights. Fronted up to the Longhorn Bar for a very nice steak dinner tonight.
Spent a day doing the town, The trolley bus first, which showed us all the places of interest and the driver gave us a running commentary of the issues which made the town famous. The town was founded by a Ed Schieffelin, who was told by the army that he was crazy going looking for rocks in such a hostile Apache Indian area, the only rock he will find there is his own tombstone. Eventually when he discovered silver in the area in 1877, he named the mine Tombstone, The area around here was actually known as Goose Flat, but as the town grew it changed it’s name to Tombstone and for the first 4 years that the mine operated, it pulled out between $40mil and $80mil (1-2 Billion $ in today’s market)of silver.  As the town grew, trouble started between a Rancher family and the Law, The Marshal was killed when he tried to take a rifle from a cowboy, by grabbing the barrel and pulling it towards himself, the firearm went off.
Virgil Earp was appointed  in his place, he intern deputized his brothers Morgan and Wyatt to help control the cowboys, after a series of confrontations, it exploded in the “Gunfight at the OK Corral” where three of the four cowboys were killed, Virgil and Morgan Earp were wounded as was Doc Holliday, who had thrown his hat in to assist, from all reports it was Doc Holiday that fired the first shot. Wyatt & Doc were charged with murder and a month long court case followed before they were acquitted and found to be doing their lawful duty. 
We did a tour of the mine, yes a day after saying we would not do another cave, we were down a silver mine, checking it out. We visited the office of  the “Tombstone Epitaph”, where we were given a copy of the October 1881 edition which has the full court report of the trial.
The Birdcage theatre, once a hot spot for gambling among other activities, reportedly had one table with a poker game which ran non-stop for 8 years and 5 months.
A lot of the bars and buildings still have the telltale marks of the era, the Crystal Palace for example, has some 125 bullet holes in the walls and ceiling
The 2pm re-enactment of the “Gunfight” was obviously the highlight for the town each day. There were the 3 Earp brothers, Wyatt, Morgan  and Virgil, plus Doc Holiday all in their black gear plus the 4 cowboys and 3 women and another 2 gents, all in period clothing, parading around town most of the day. Prior to the 2 and 4pm re-enactments there was interaction on the main street between the actors, which seemed to lead up to the gunfight.  A Wells Fargo coach also conveys tourists around the town area.   Main St.  (Allan St actually) is blocked off permanently to through traffic. Only one movie was ever made in the town, it has no appeal to the movie-makers because it has power lines & bitumen throughout the town. It therefore does not portray an old western town.
So, the town now survives on tourism and you would have to say they do it fairly well.  We were there on a Monday so it’s not just a weekend job.       See Photos

Boot Hill Cemetery
Boot Hill the final resting place for the cowboys gunned down that day and apparently a lot of other interesting characters, will be our last port of call as we leave town and head to Benson, we are advised that the original headstones which were made of wood have all been removed stored away and replaced with metal ones, still with the original inscriptions, apparently weather and tourists were taking their toll.  Well Boot Hill did have some interesting headstones, such as  “Here lies Lester Moore, 4 slugs from a 44 no Les no More”,   another  “John Heath, taken from county Jail and LYNCHED by the Bisbee mob in Tombstone Feb 22 1844”  and   “George Johnson, Hanged by mistake, He was right, we was wrong, but we strung him up and George is gone.”.
We moved on to Benson and sought the nearby, Mescal Film Studio, where the later westerns have been made, it is in fact part of the Old Tucson Studio, and was a closed set until 2004, when they stated allowing visitors, but something must have happened in the ensuing 7 years, because it is now “not open to the public” so our seeking it out was in vain.           See Photos

New Mexico
Away again, East on highway 10 and eventually we left Arizona and entered New Mexico, a quick stop to take some photos of Steins a ghost town, but now on private property so did not get to have a close look but close enough for some snaps. We set up camp at an RV Park in Deming and quickly availed ourselves of the indoor pool that was nearby.        See Photos

Texas
With the intent of  a short drive to El Paso we took until 9.30 to leave the park, El Paso is a large, not very attractive, sprawling city of around 1 million, looks almost as big as Melbourne, but not very appealing, we had no specific reason to call there and the look of it, just sent us driving on through, There were several Border Patrol vehicles traveling around as we are just above the Mexican Border, so we thought it best not to free camp, instead we called in at an RV park in Van Horn  for the night.
Thursday morning  we drove through the main street of Van Horn before getting back on the #10. In it’s day it must have been quite a town, the wide main street was obviously the original highway right through the centre of town, now that the highway has been shifted with it’s duplication to run alongside the town, it seems that the town has almost died because of it, so many businesses closed down and buildings in disrepair.  Maybe it will be the next ghost town in Texas. Kent was 37miles down the road where we are to turn off, it turned out to be two buildings and the remains of  an old bluestone school house, again the freeway had passed it by. The road south from here is known as the Texas Mountain Trail (118).             See Photos

McDonald Observatory.
Our first stop along the way was at the McDonald Observatory, we just arrived in time  for a tour of the two main telescopes. The guide left no stones unturned with his explanation of the system, demonstrating how the telescope moves and lines up on it’s target, together with the turning of the huge dome to line the opening up with the telescope. There is no such thing as looking through a glass tube to see the results, it is all transmitted to computers on a lower level of the building. This telescope has a 110inch lens. We then were transported to the newer telescope which has a 4 times larger lens and as such is the 5th largest in the world. Scientists from around the world can apply to book a session with the telescope, they do not even have to come on site, their project will be recorded and sent to them over the internet, there is basically no cost, as it is all born by the University of Texas in the interest of science. After the tour we had a lecture on the Stars and the Sun with current images of the sun being filtered and displayed on a screen where you could watch the gaseous explosions leaping from the surface of the sun. A fascinating study tour.              See Photos

Fort Davis
We moved on to Fort Davis, much of which has been preserved by the National Parks Service.
The fort housed over 400 soldiers and played a key role in the defence system of West Texas from 1854 to 1891, in particular guarding the transport corridor between San Antonio and El Paso some 600 miles. The men spent more time building roads and telegraph lines than they did chasing the Apache and Comanche raiders.       See Photos
We moved on to Alpine and settled in at the Lost Alaskan RV Site, a drive through the town reveals a very substantial town, obviously well supported by the Sul Ross State University with it’s many large and impressive buildings. The town is also serviced by 24 different churches.
We next head for the Big Bend National Park, which is about 100miles south of Alpine.

We are told, of course that nothing is as big as Texas, however if you were to combine both Texas and New Mexico, you would have an area as large as South Australia.



3.   Alpine, Texas   to  New Orleans, Louisiana   See Route Map

The Rio Grande
We were given advice by a fellow RVer to change our travel direction and head to Presidio a small town on the Mexican border and the take the 170 route east along the Rio Grande to Terlingua and “keep your camera ready”. Presidio was a nothing sort of town, but the drive along the 170 was magnificent, it is ranked in the top 6 drives in the USA, accordingly we stopped and clicked and started, only to stop and click some more, he warned me it would be a long drive and not because of the mileage.      See Photos

Big Bend National Park
Terlingua is a hot and dusty small town just outside of the Big Bend National Park. Previously the town’s history was one of Quicksilver Mining, but now it depends on the tourist trade, catering for 4WD and River tourism.  We hooked up with a local tour operator Big Bend River Tours and arranged to go on an escorted Canoe trip through the San Elena Canyon on the Rio Grande River, which is the border between Mexico and Texas. We were to paddle 3.5 miles upstream, walking the canoes up the rapids, which were very mild, because of the time of year and the level and flow of water in the river. However to the uninitiated canoeists that we are, they were rapids. The canyon walls towered vertically  1500 to 2000 ft either side of the river, a truly awesome experience. We lunched on a small bank before heading back down stream and this time of course we had to negotiate the rapids, (the guide called them ripples), after a few crashes into the canyon walls we managed to make it the 4 miles to the end without tipping the canoe ending up in the drink, we had packed our cameras in the waterproof bags for the return trip, such was our confidence. We slept solidly that night, pleased with our achievement. He weather was stinking hot although a slightly cooler breeze seemed to crop up around 4am. We got on the road early, but not before Lorraine arranged for a couple of photos posed with the local Sheriff.  This time we entered the National Park under our own steam and headed for Rio Grande City, a camp area at the bottom of the park on the Rio Grande, it was lush with trees and very well laid out with a great number of camp sites, we were tempted but we had only travelled 50 miles, we took the road to the Boquillas Canyon Overlook, here we were on a ridge overlooking the Rio Grande, there were displays of ware for sale with price tags on them sitting on 4 or 5 large boulders, as we got closer we noticed as young Mexican lad down by the river, across the river in Mexico were a group of men with their horses. We decided to buy a couple of the trinkets, shortly after another lad appeared, he had waded across the river to collect the cash from the tin, they reassembled their display and headed back to Mexico. Their township of Boquillas del Carmen was spread out on the hill above the opposite bank of the river.         See Photos
We headed out of the park through Marathon, finally booking in at an RV Park in Sanderson.
The area around here is very flat and very low scrub. The most interesting feature was our counting the number of border patrol cars are constantly slowly driving along a dirt road beside the highway on the Mexican border side. Often they would be towing a group of 3 large tyres all chained together, the driver seemed to be hanging out the drivers side window studying the dusty road as if looking for tracks, it appeared the tyres he was dragging would clear any marks from the roadway to show up any later disturbance. It all looked like a waste of time. 
This area is apparently a popular deer hunting area from Nov – Jan each year. A run over from the 1950s when Texas was very big into importing exotic game into the state to set up hunting ranches, it seems that it is now limited to Texas Pronghorn and other deer. Otherwise the town is almost dead, A builder from California had taken on a contract to build a new visitor centre for the town, we had noticed it on the way through and wondered at it with the rest of the town falling down. Another hot night, but at least the Air-con literally takes the heat off. 

San Antonio and the Alamo
Next day we targeted San Antonio, and whist it was still over the 100 degrees, at it was more comfortable driving with the auto air-con. We crossed the Pecos River just before Del Rio, a huge bridge spanned the Pecos canyon. An information plaque outlined how the Pecos was a major stumbling block for the pioneers with the steep walled canyon and wide river, even more of a problem for the Railways where they had to build tunnels and bridges to get the line across. We stocked up with supplies at Del Rio, set up for lunch at Amistad Reservoir only to be moved on by the National Guard, because of a bomb threat, they had to clear the area,. As we drove out there were army, police, Fire, even helicopters overhead, so we got outa there quick.       See Photos
As we approached San Antonio  the country side was changing a lot, Cotton seems to be a major crop here, can’t quite understand it, as in Australia the cotton is a very water dependant crop, doesn’t seem that way here, maybe a different strain of cotton. Interesting to see the way they create a huge bail of compressed cotton, put a tarp top on it and leave it stand around the edge of the paddock, they seem to transport the cotton without leaving the roadside looking like there has been an explosion of cotton balls, such as I have noticed in Australia, but that was a while ago, so they may have changed by now.
More and bigger trees and the towns we drive through seem to be busy.
San Antonio, the 3rd largest city in Texas, a much more friendly town to the approach, we set the Tom Tom for the KOA RV Park and it guided us through the maize of freeways that skirt the city, First time we have seen a “City Skyline” since Phoenix. The city has built it’s tourism on “The Alamo” The event in 1836 when some 200 tried to defend the post, against the 2000 troops of the Mexican Dictator  Santa Anna, Names like Davey Crockett and Jim Bowie were to be among those who were lost in the onslaught. It is very much along the lines of “The Eureka Stockade”, only a lot more brutal. It became a rallying point for the Texans and indeed Santa Anna was defeated some 11 weeks later and Texas gained it’s independence from Mexico.
A lot of the original Alamo buildings are still there, having been preserved as a memorial site.  A day sightseeing around the City and surrounds, including a couple of the historic missions that still operate in the area having been built in the late 1700s, The “River Walk” looked a good thing but the legs were not up to it in the heat of the day. An Imax film of “The Alamo” runs ever hour at the nearby theatre, and provided an hour away from the heat.  Again another interesting, but hot day.  We decided this was our opportunity to sample the Mexican fare and we were directed to Mi Tierra Restaurant. Can’t remember what we had but it was good, or maybe it was that margarita that stops me from remembering. Worked it out, we tried Barbacoa and an assorted Platter.          See Photos

Houston
An early start got us to Houston by 2 for a late lunch. If we thought the Los Angeles Freeway system was complicated, by Houston standards they are a walk in the park.
Houston, incidentally was named after Sam Houston, the general who routed Mexico’s Santa Anna in revenge for the Alamo slaughter, his action set up the move to “The Republic of Texas” prior to them joining the United States in 1845
At 50 miles out of town we started on the concrete freeways, the 2 lane (each side) went to three, then four and by 30 miles out, we were into 5 lanes each way, a four or five layer freeway interchange has cars and trucks going in all directions at various levels, then a toll road began in the centre median of the freeway, this added another two lanes each way. Cars appear to make a sudden dash to get across 5 lanes to get to the toll way in the middle. I still haven’t worked out the legal way to get in and out of the toll way lanes, don’t think I want to. We were shunted off the freeway more times in the hour or so, we took trying to follow the Tom Tom  to our selected RV Park, than we ever have in LA.  Imagine the frustration when we found the RV park was no more. Back into the system with another target RV park. I am sure the freeway systems here are the cause for so much divorce, I cannot quite hear the voice on the Tom Tom for the road and traffic noise, so I have to rely on Lorraine reading the screen and relaying the directions on to me, keeping one eye on the side mirror for traffic joining the freeway, the other eye on the left mirror to see what is coming at me there, the other eye on the lanes ahead to make sure I don’t get into an exit only lane, the other eye on the other lanes to make sure I don’t get shunted off onto another freeway or tollway.
We now know where the term “Houston, We Have a Problem” came from, we reckon the space shuttle was trying to find it’s way to the launch pad. 
At one stage Lorraine said “keep going straight up”  I am looking out the front and all I see is an off ramp which literally goes straight up in the air in front of us. It wasn’t  where we had to go but caused some angst and confusion.  I understand George W. Bush comes from here, maybe that explains it all.
Eventually we found our RV park, not the most exciting, but will do for the night. The particular items we were to visit here, The Space Centre is on our way to Galveston so we will not use the RV park as a home base, we will catch up on things as we move out.
The drive to the Space Centre had us on a freeway which took us past the edge of the city of Houston at an elevation, the sun came out and it was great for a few snaps, the freeways still intrigued us and we noted the tollway was in the centre on the 5 lanes each way freeway, a concrete barrier, kept them apart so there was no switching, the tollway had flyover entry and exits, it was noticeable that it was only one way, into the city, we presume it reversed in the afternoon. Another interesting feature was a two, sometimes three lane, one way traffic along side the freeway, Usually called Frontage Road, a sort of sanity zone, which received traffic from the freeway and fed traffic on at different intervals, so in all, with the three lane feeder each side, five lane freeway each side and the two lane tollway in the middle, that’s 18 lanes of traffic. On top of that some of the freeways have an extra one or two lanes each way for, multiple passenger, taxis, motorcycles & buses, that would make for 22 lanes wide.         See Photos

Houston Space Centre
The Space Centre was an eye opener, we were treated to tours of the equipment, and exhibits of the actual space capsules that were used, two Imax sized screens gave presentation films on the history of space travel and it’s future direction. In a replica control room we were given online images of the present control room and the details of a current space craft which was above Australia as we watched.  A “Tram Tour” of the Johnson Space Centre, Gave us guided tour of the actual Houston Control Room, which directed the operations during the space and moon landings, of which there have been six, the last in 1972.
The weather had turned to a deluge as we approached the Space Centre, however after a full day in the centre, while outside they had 2 inches of rain, we were back to a very steamy heat when we left.
See Photos 

Galveston
We continued to Galveston some 50 miles south of Houston, Galveston is on an island that was not much more than 5 -6 ft above the sea level. There is a beautiful 30 mile stretch of beach facing out to the Gulf of Mexico. Obviously a favourite holiday spot for Texans, by the number of large resort/hotels along the esplanade. 
There was a disaster here in 1900 when a hurricane swept across the island, and only buildings were above the water, at that time there was no island. Some 6000 perished in what was the worst disaster in US history. To rebuild the city, they built a 15ft high concrete seawall then proceeded to pump in sand behind the seawall to raise the ground level up by 15ft. It took 6 years to complete and a following hurricane, as strong as the 1900 one, resulted in little damage and only 6 lives lost.  Prior to the settlement on the island, in 1820s it was the home base for a local Pirate, Laffette, who plundered the Spanish ships, returning with their gold from Mexico.
Today, Galveston is a major supply port for the oil rigs in the Gulf as well as a repair centre for the rigs themselves
For the first time in our three weeks here, we were able to sit outside in relative comfort.
A harbour cruise spotting dolphins and learning the history of the area, then we boarded the ferry to cross to the Bolivar Peninsular, The housing here in Crystal Beach is being built on huge 6” x 6“ timber pillars and very high off the ground (12’ to 16’), a lot of new work in progress and quite a few dump bins full of building rubbish, we were to find that this area was flattened by Hurricane Ike in 2008 and they are just getting things back together, talking to some, they say they were lucky to come out of it alive, lost everything. I cannot imagine that building a house higher is going to save it in a hurricane, maybe keep your feet dry until it blows away.  You look at this flat, treeless peninsular and say why would you bother, there has to be safer places to live.
However talking to the locals, “We love the Peninsular” is their response. We are camped on Crystal Canal an offshoot of the “Inter-coastal Waterway” which is a man made canal, it extends about 360 miles from Galveston bay to the Mississippi River at New  Orleans, in parts it is 3o miles in from the coast, it is a major shipping route for the transporting of materials. The section we are on, Crystal Canal is peppered all along one side with rather expensive holiday houses and the other side the RV Park, each of the houses and many of the RV sites, have a covered boat shelter, with a hoist. The boat is driven in over two webbing slings, it is then raised, out of the water by 3 -4 ft.
The house directly opposite us is on the corner of the canal, it is owned by two doctors who are here maybe twice a year, it looks like no expense was spared.
Driving out the next day we were aware of the obvious damage caused by Ike in 2008, many sites are just a concrete pad on the site, some just the stumps are remaining, some buildings just boarded up to keep out intruders, but an awful lot of rebuilding has been done. 
We continued along the coast, we left Texas and went into Louisiana at Sabine, Cameron seemed to be the site of a Tornado in the not too distant past, again, there are just concrete pads where houses once stood.
Brought back to mind the devastation we had in Australia with the fires and the floods,
The coastline of Louisiana on the Gulf of Mexico was completely littered with rubbish, for miles, plastic bottles and packaging, but a lot of bits of clothing etc seems a long time back 2008 for it to be still there from that, but who knows.        See Photos

New Orleans.
We completed the run into New Orleans on Sunday and after a good look around the wrong side of the city, we realized that we had put the wrong address into Tom Tom, so we headed back to the other side of town to the KOA. RV park. Our first day and we took the shuttle into the French Quarter to have  look around, some remarkable old buildings, many pre Civil War. The intricate lace work and out back courtyards are distinctive features of the area, This section of the city was not badly flooded by Katrina, which was actually 6 years ago today.       See Photos
Apparently there are few areas that were virtually abandoned after Katrina. You can buy a house there for $7000. But apart from that, the city is all go go go. The Mississippi River varies between a half to one mile wide in the city area and it’s depth is around 200ft, we are 110 river miles from the coast at New Orleans and by the size of the shipping that goes up and down you would think it was an ocean port. In fact the locals claim it to be the largest port  in USA, for annual tonnage passed through, ahead of New York. Main cargo shipped from New Orleans are crops, barged down from northern states and steel.  The banks of the river are all levied with huge earthen mounds along both sides, Then in the city area, there are concrete flood walls with great solid steel gates on rollers and rubber seals these are closed when there is a danger. We were told that part of the problem with the Katrina disaster was that the gates were closed ok, but water got in behind them from an unanticipated source and the gates would not let it out. Of course another apart of the problem was evident when we were driven through one section and were told that “This is the lowest part of New Orleans, it is 14 ft below sea level” So the city is literally living on the edge.  We joined a tour of Oak Alley Plantation, which took us through the stately old mansion with it’s 300 year old oak trees lining the driveway. Still a working sugar plantation, which is the main crop in Southern Louisiana, while Cotton is the crop of the north of the state.     See Photos
The city is ringed by swamps, it is amazing how they have built their freeways, they can go for miles built like a bridge over swamp land one to two feet deep.



4.    New Orleans, Louisiana  to  Nashville, Tennessee    See Route Map


Our day off, tweeking the RV with a few minor repairs and adjustments, gave us the break we both needed. A tour of the Swamp & Bayous with Cajun Tours had us drifting through the swamp on a flat  bottom barge looking for wildlife, the main attraction of course is the alligators, they seemed to be familiar with the operator and responded to his calls, you could see them swimming through the weed towards the boat. The chicken pieces were the attraction for the alligators, who would jump up 2 to 3 ft to snatch the food, a couple of families of raccoons also knew the boat would throw a supply of marshmallows towards them, the trees in the bayou were predominantly bald cypress, the official state tree, which were often adorned by Spanish Moss, draping down, giving them the eerie, swamp atmosphere, The Spanish Moss is an air plant and has no detrimental effect on the cypress.     See Photos
A day trip to the mouth (delta) of the Mississippi River gave a insight into the trauma that the area goes through on a regular basis, Katrina was of course a major destroyer of property in 2005 but there have been others before and since, which have left broken houses, some, just concrete pads left, perhaps with a chimney, others the stilts which formed the supports for the house are there, but without the house on top. The most popular form of replacement house seems to be the portable type. Most still have the wheels under them even though they have been set on stumps and raised a bit from the ground. So much looks so temporary. There are also many fine new houses on the peninsular, it is easy to wonder why people subject themselves to such constant pressure.  Then come the heli-port airfields, think there were 3. They are shuttling staff to and fro from the oil rigs in the Gulf of Mexico, further on, as we got to the end of the road, there were several marinas for the fishing fleet.  We stumbled in to one of them and noticed a group of men around a large semi trailer, on closer check we noted that they had 2 piles of dead alligators, a ute nearby had another 10 or so in it, a small boat tied up also had 6 or 7 on the floor. The culling season had just started, this was the 1st September, and the season goes for the whole month. Each of the catch was being measured for length and the numbered tag on the alligators tail was recorded, as they were loaded into the ice in the semi. The government issues tags so that a controlled number of alligators are harvested each year. They are worth $25/ft if they are over 9ft in length and $15 - $20/ft for those smaller than 9ft. So an average of $200 each for the fisherman. 
The only signs that we noticed of the recent oil spill from the BP rig, is a few signs out along the highway, claiming they were not compensated enough or that their claim had been rejected.
On the way back to New Orleans we called at Fort Jackson, built in 1822 to ward off the Spaniards from aggression against New Orleans 80 miles further upstream.
The freeway back through the city was at a snails pace, the reason, 12 lanes of traffic converged on the toll booths but after the toll booth, the freeway reduced to 4 lanes in a half mile, to go over the bridge.
We took the Ponchartrain Causeway when we left New Orleans, an amazing structure, two separate bridges across Lake Ponchartrain one for each direction, each with 2 lanes of traffic, it is claimed to be the longest bridge in the world. 24miles from shore to shore, as straight as a die, with three raised sections for medium boats to pass under and one drawbridge section to facilitate the larger vessels, can’t be too big though as the lake is pretty shallow all over.  We struck a storm as we crossed, could not get a photo of the drawbridge for the rain, could hardly see out of the windscreen.       See Photos

Baton Rouge
Baton Rouge, the capital city of Louisiana was only 100 miles from New Orleans so it was an easy day.
News came that Tropical Storm “Lee” was building just south of New Orleans and looked like being a threat. It had started as we left New Orleans and we were in it over the following three days, Jackson had had 10” of rain by the 3rd day, it came in squalls as the winds in the storm reached 50 to 60 mph.
Baton Rouge, the capital of the state, it was 10am Saturday of a holiday weekend and raining, when we drove in to town, hardly saw a car, we wanted to see the Old Capital Building, built in the 1850s in the style of an European castle, the 1,575 ft long cast iron fence was of particular interest to me, the panels and posts were cast in 1855 and are a  treasure of the skill of the patternmakers and foundrymen of the time, the panels were designed to follow the contour of the land  and included fleur de leis on each picket, pineapples on each post and a pair of massive eagles and tomahawks on the main gate posts. Unfortunately, the rain only permitted a moderate amount of photography and I was completely soaked on return to the van. The building is listed as being open to the public on Saturdays, however, I was informed that they were closing, seemed a bit early at 11am but who am I to argue. As the rest of the city seemed to have closed as well, we drove on.       See Photos 

Natchez
Our GPS took us the long way round, a straight line to Natchez is about 80 miles, however we ended up on the I10 back to Lafayette taking us 220 miles to get there. By the time we realized what was happening we were on the Atchafalaya swamp Bridge, 18.2 miles with no way out, so we bit the bullet and kept going, it was an interesting drive though. The rain persisted all the way to Natchez, where we found an RV park on the banks of the Mississippi, albeit 40 -50ft high on the top of the levee.
We managed to get a few short clear periods, which allowed us to walk around Natchez, a historic port on the Mississippi River 330 miles from the gulf, at that point the river is still over ½ mile wide. Natchez has probably the largest number of 1790 – 1850 period houses that are still maintained, lived in and available to visit. It reflects the past opulence of the time when cotton was king and the work force were mainly slaves.
Interestingly many of the wealthy builders of the mansions in the area were from the northern states, they had their crops growing in the north and shipped it down the Mississippi to be treated and dispatched from Natchez.
We found reference to the “Natchez Trace” a 445mile track which follows the path of earlier Indians, hunters, traders, soldiers from Nashville, Tennessee to Natchez, Mississippi. The National Parks have taken it over and re dressed it as an historical track. Travelers are invited to follow the Trace, where the items of interest and historical importance are clearly marked. We traveled the first 85 miles to Jackson, where we moved off to have a look around and stay the night.
We chose to resume our original route and headed for Vicksburg.
Again we are on the banks of the Mississippi         See Photos

The Civil War.
The Civil war is still very much a part of the history in the area. The war started when Abraham Lincoln was elected President in 1860, arguing that the America’s nearly 4 million slaves should be freed.
We find that Vicksburg is still reeling from the 43 day siege of Vicksburg by General Grant, ending on July 4th 1863,  this was the day after the battle of Gettysburg when General Lee was defeated on July 3rd 1863 and both were to be seen as major turning points of the Civil War, although it was not to conclude until April 9th 1865. Five days later John Wilkes Booth, a southern sympathizer shot and killed President Abraham Lincoln.
For 80 years after the war Vicksburg would not celebrate 4th July as “Independence Day” (which celebrates the 1776 independence from England). because it coincided with the date of the siege.
Crossing the Mississippi River again and back into Louisiana on to Lake Providence where the State of Louisiana has it’s official Cotton Museum, but alas it only opens Thurs to Sat, being Tuesday we continued on, entering into Arkansas for 50 miles, before crossing the river again at Greenville, taking us back into Mississippi again and on to Clarksdale.

Clarksdale.
 Clarksdale is the base for the Delta Blues Museum and the site of Ground Zero Blues Club, part owned by local, Morgan Freeman, not forgetting one of it’s former sons, Justin Adkins (now an Aussie).
The museum is under a massive building upgrade, with the extension being made to expand the “Muddy Waters” heritage in the area of the Delta Blues.
The local Fairground acts as an RV park so we hooked up there.
Lunch at Abe’s Diner, a Clarksdale institution since the 1930s and we were off to Memphis.   See Photos

Memphis
The Gracelands RV Park next door to the Heartbreak Hotel and the ‘Elvis’ empire was a good choice.
A shuttle to “Beale St.” for a night on the town, which was a great experience, Wednesday is “Bikies Night” in Beale St. Plenty of police around but all was uneventful, apart from the music, it made for an interesting spectacle, all shapes and sizes of motor bikes Harleys of course, but a heap of others as well. The Gracelands tour was a must, and a surprise, we both expected a lot more opulence, but it really was just a family home, a mansion by 1960s standards, which he bought for $100,000 at the age of 21.  It gave us a different view of the guy. The house has all his awards and clothes displayed, making it quite a museum, back over the road is his two private Jets and a museum with his cars,  Four hours and very interesting,  Lots of opportunity to buy stuff at the many “Gift Shops” surprise, surprise.    See Photos

Another shuttle and we were at the “Sun Studios” in Memphis where Elvis got his start and many other greats did their recordings, Johnny Cash, B.B.King & Jerry Lee Lewis were just a few, that was also very interesting .  A tour of the Gibson Guitar Factory was planned, They have three factories, Nashville being the head office and where they make the mandolins and the like, This one at Memphis specializes in the electric guitars, and the third is in Wyoming where they do the acoustic guitars, located there because of the proximity to the supply of suitable timbers.
Memphis is the newest factory and the tour was quite an eye opener with the detail they go to in producing the best (they claim) I suppose Fender would disagree.  Memphis the city is very attractive a tree lined Main St mall closed to all traffic except the trolleys (trams) slow, noisy, & cheap. Set on the Mississippi River and arrangements are in hand to start 7 day Riverboat cruises south to New Orleans and also north to St Louis, new docks are being built for the program.    See Photos

Jackson
          The Music Highway  (I 40) runs between Memphis, Jackson and on to Nashville. We stopped off in Jackson and took in the Casey Jones Legend, he actually was a real guy who rammed his loco into the caboose at the tail end of a stationary train in 1900, he was classed a hero as he took such actions as he was the only one killed.          See Photos

Nashville
Nashville and the Grand Ole Opry, the home of “Country Music”, we checked into the KOA, the most expensive park we have had at $56 per night, a park just down from here seems to be $30. In picking up tickets to the Saturday performance we signed up for a backstage tour, so we were able to strut our stuff on the stage (to an empty house of course). The whole area around Nashville was under water in a freak flood caused by 24 inches of rain over 2 days in May 2010. The Opry had 4ft of water over the stage, a massive repair effort got the place back and operating in six months. A whole shopping complex including the Imax is still closed. The river rose 30 ft to the top of the bank then went on to flood the city. We lunched at the Hard Rock CafĂ© which had undergone a $10m rebuild after the flood.
Our attendance at the Grand Ole Opry was quite an experience. It is and always has been, a “live Radio Show” on 7pm Tuesday, Friday and Saturday nights each week, so you have the radio commercials in between the performances. There weren’t any known (to us) artists on, but it was a good night.
The Country Music Hall of Fame, another icon of the Nashville music scene and the associated tour of RCA Studio “B”,  the studio where Elvis transferred to when he left Sun Studios and where he made most of his recordings, along with a host of other legends of the music world, The studio still operates today and is in the heart of the strip called “Music Row” where all the music businesses are located. It is claimed that Music Row is to music, as Wall St. is to Finance.
The General Jackson Showboat operates on the Cumberland River here at Nashville, The Showboat, with a rear paddle drive has a huge ballroom and stage in its centre, seating some 700 for a well presented meal and excellent Country & Western Show, as the boat paddled through the city. A great finale to our stay in Nashville.     See Photos



5.    Nashville, Tennessee  to  Orlando, Florida     See Route Map


Before leaving Nashville our final stop was to visit ‘The Hermitage’ the preserved home of Andrew Jackson the 6th President of the USA.  Jackson, born of Irish parents was a hero General in the war of independence against England, proving that the American Militia could win battles against the might of the British troops. The Hermitage was his Tennessee farm, growing cotton, corn and sorghum as well as a substantial orchard. Jackson is ranked as the 3rd most wealthy President, however five years after his death, his son had blown the lot.
We moved East to Chattanooga, still in Tennessee, but only just, being near the border of Georgia, in fact we crossed into Georgia and back into Tennessee before reaching Chattanooga.

Chattanooga
Chattanooga, about the size of Ballarat, with hills all around and one large mountain on the edge of the city called Lookout Mountain. We found a campsite at Raccoon Mountain RV Park, a nice quiet spot for a 3 night stay for some R & R,  there was of course Lookout Mountain waiting to be explored, there were four features there on the mountain, Ruby Falls, a spectacular underground waterfall that plummets 150 ft into a pool, all happening 1120 ft underground, of course there is the cave walk in before you reach the falls,  Then an Incline Railway which they claim has the steepest incline tracks in the world. This area was steeped in the history books with the Civil War, The mountain was considered the key to the area. One residence on the mountain was host to the command of both armies on the same day, as the fortunes changed. One of the problems they had defending the mountain was that when they pointed the cannon down at the approaching troops the cannonball would roll out of the cannon.
Yes, it is a history book, when you consider that the civil war was 10 years after our Ned Kelly and  the Eureka Stockade was about the same time.
We were at a site, where it was claimed that the "Battles for Chattanooga" where the fiercest battles were fought and changed the outcome of the civil war. The two battles in the area, Chickamauga, then Chattanooga, had 47,000 casualties, 5000 of those were killed over 2 days in September and then 2 days in November 1863. Further along the mountain was “Rock City” a walk-through garden which was interwoven with paths between, around, under and over huge boulders. An incredible amount of work had been put in over the years to transform an almost worthless piece of real estate into a spectacular facility, the views out over the valley, where at one point you can see 7 different states of the USA, the flora and the woven rock pathways being the features.
We had another cave on our doorstep at the Raccoon Mountain campground, this was also well worth the visit. 
We moved south from Chattanooga, into Alabama, called in at the Natural Bridge, 148ft long and 60ft high over the forest, hosts Jim and Barbara made us most welcome.     See Photos

Tupelo 
          It was then on into Mississippi, where we called at Tupelo, the birthplace of Elvis, The small white weatherboard (shotgun) house is all well preserved and quite a feature of the town. Of course, it is on Elvis Presley Boulevard,.
South again towards the Gulf of Mexico, but a welcome stop at Lake Lowndes State Park in Columbia for the night.  There we met up with an Australian couple, from Qld, who are into the 6th month of an 8 month tour around USA in their new Hurricane “A” Class RV       See Photos

Gulfport
          We came back onto the coast at Gulfport Alabama, (which is about 150 miles East of New Orleans) we came around the beaches through Biloxi to Mobile, an interesting drive, white very fine sand and wide beaches, lots of beach gear for hire from vendors along the beach, including Jet Skis. Casinos and some rather lavish houses along the way.  A great park to visit was the Battleship Park just at Mobile. On display are the battleship USS Alabama and the submarine USS Mobile.  Gulfport was almost wiped out with Hurricane Katrina 5 years ago $5.5 billion damage to Gulfport alone. The have done great job rebuilding it with all the new infrastructure that was needed.         See Photos

Florida Panhandle
As we drove along the coast road from Pensacola Beach, it is noticeable just how many of the homes are new. Lots of trees show regrowth after being stripped bare by the storm.  We noted that all looked new on the island and there were no empty allotments with the old bases left standing. We later found that it was a bit of a sore point with many locals, Apparently a government subsidy on storm insurance works well for those who have afforded a holiday home on the Island, If it gets blown away as they nearly all did with Hurricane Ivan in 2003, they get their houses rebuilt. The island acts as a buffer for the mainland and whilst the winds might do some damage, the surging waves are stopped by the island , so it cops the brunt of them all. The local view is “why on earth would you want to build there”
Apparently after Ivan there was a house sat in the middle of the bay between the island and the mainland, picked up and dumped there by the hurricane, quite a tourist attraction for some time after. It must be a Florida state government subsidy as there was no such help down near Galveston, Texas
On leaving Navarre, we followed the coast road (98) which took us through town after town of glitz, hotels, casinos and condominiums built almost on the waters edge, alongside those, were many closed businesses, empty houses and apartments, Panama City seemed to be the hub for the touristy bits, very Surfer’ Paradise. On to Tallahassee and from there a straight run across on the I-10 to Jacksonville on the Atlantic East Coast.  It seems to say something, when you notice an abundance of shops offering  “Payday Loans”, Title Loans”,  Car Title Loans”, Pawn Shops,  Pawn & Gun Shops, probably the same thing, however some emphasize the gun factor.
Interesting also to see billboard adverts for hospitals, one comes to mind where a picture of a patient who has had a triple bypass at this hospital and is living proof of their expertise.
Car dealers advertise “no interest” loans, they imply that a bad credit history doesn’t matter, however I am told that that is only a gimmick and does not really apply.      See Photos

Florida’s East Coast.
We took the coast road South from Jacksonville and it was about 45miles before we actually saw the Atlantic Ocean.  The paying customers all had their houses, condominiums, resorts etc taking up the beach fronts, Some were crass, some ok and some “wow”, a lot of manicured nature strips and front gardens, The drive was marred by light rain and a bit of thunder every now and then, but that is the season over here, they expect 30 mins of rain each day.  We picked an RV park close to the Daytona International Raceway.

Daytona International Raceway
          The Raceway have organized tours of the facility, which took about 2 ½ hours and was a great experience,  It is possible to arrange a three lap circuit of the track as a passenger in a race car at around 160mph and at a cost of $145, they claim it will be the fastest $145 you will ever spend.     
From Daytona Beach we headed South to the Kennedy Space Centre, we gave the tours a miss as a lot of it was a duplication of what we had seen in Houston, but viewing the launch site was interesting. 50 miles west and we were in Orlando for another R & R this time a week in a Sheraton Resort a bit of luxury after 7 weeks on the road.              See Photos
11 hours of the Epcot Center on Monday required a day off to recover , took in a dinner extravaganza show called “Medieval Times” it was well done horses, jousting, knights in armour and all that.  Then, back to see Mickey at Disneyland for another 6 hours. The Disney World complex is huge, traveling in on the shuttle today, as we passed the entrance there was a sign directing us a further 5 miles to the car park and ticket centre, from there you get either a monorail or Paddle Boat to the particular park of your choice and they are at least a couple of miles from the bus drop off.  There are 7 car trams that shuttle those who have parked their car for $14, over to the ticket booths. 



6.  Orlando, Florida   to   Fort Lauderdale, Florida     See Route Map

Had an interesting experience on our last day at the park. We booked a taxi to take us to Disneyworld. At the entrance, the attendant wanted a $14 parking fee, either pay it or be turned around, both the driver and us refused to pay and the driver was turned around, however, he drove back the wrong way up an exit lane, through a transport maintenance depot and eventually dropped us at a Disney Hotel where we caught the monorail to the park. We had been delayed at the pay booth for some time, we found the tour operator’s vehicle in front of us had the same problem and was refusing to pay, don’t know how they got on.
There is an RV Park in the Disneyworld complex called Fort Wilderness Resort and we noted that one of the boats from the main gate called there, so it certainly would be a good option and is $61 to $76 per night with no transport worries. Buses are available for continuous transport between the camp and all the Disney parks.
After leaving Orlando we called at Lazydays RV World in Tampa, They are the largest single RV sales/Service organization in the world. Covering 145 acres, with 200 service bays, there are literally hundreds of RV of all sizes, brands and prices, both new and used.  We spoke with a salesman to get some further details on buying and registering an RV in Florida for a non US citizen.     See Photos

Florida’s West Coast.
Clearwater, about 10 miles west of Tampa, is reached by a series of man made causeways, there are bays, bridges of all types and sizes as we traveled south along the Gulf of Mexico coast of Florida. Some of the causeways are miles long, linking a series of islands to make them part of the mainland.         

Sarasota
We settled in Sarasota for a couple of nights while we explored the Ringling Bros, Barnum & Bailey circus history which began here in Sarasota in the early 1900s,  John & Mable Ringling set up in Sarasota and after 15 years using the area as a Winter retreat, they began to build a rather sumptuous mansion, It was completed in two years and has all the latest innovations of the 1920s installed, Electric Refrigerator, Electric stove, the first residential installation of an Otis Lift,
John had made his fortune in Oil, Ranching and Land development, so the Circus was more of a passion and an excuse to tour the world, seeking acts for the circus and buy art treasures from all over and ship them home.  John recognized the tourism potential of the Sarasota area and went about buying up the land on both the mainland and the keys, eventually owning some 2/3 of the area. 
Having no family they bequeathed the mansion, the collection of Circus memorabilia, and their collection of art to the State of Florida in 1936. The museum has the largest collection of 15th century paintings by Rubens. The whole estate was a joy to visit apart from the extra time on our feet and not yet having recovered from Disneyworld.      See Photos
The West Coast of Florida is a real playground, it seems to be protected from the Hurricanes, which are usually generated off the African Coast and build up as they cross the Atlantic and or the Caribbean. It seems that the weather stations are always paranoid about following the direction of each of them and at this time of year there appears to be an endless stream. Most do a left turn and travel north up the Atlantic, but they are always on the lookout for the loose canon that will hit the US coast. 
There is a string of Islands on the East Coast which goes 240 miles from Palm Beach right down through Miami and then forms the 160 miles of the Florida Keys.  On the West Coast of Florida there are islands or Keys as they are known here they start at Palm Harbor and go down about 150 miles to Naples. The waterways  between these islands form a playground for the boating people, many of the homes are built backing onto canals connecting these waterways. The islands or Keys form a barrier against the varying ocean conditions, Many boats to 20 ft long are stored by lifting them out of the water and suspending the boat in a sling. As we crossed a bridge at Nokomis on the west coast we noted two large buildings by the side of the canal, a sign advertised “Boat Racks for Hire” on looking into the buildings we could see that there were boat racks on both sides, storing boats 4 high for the entire length of the buildings. 
Speaking of signs we noticed another Hospital advertisement (on a full size bill board) “Our average waiting time is 7 minutes”. Don’t think there would be a market for those signs in Australia.
As affluent as the area seems with all its resorts and gated complexes, you can’t help but notice the number of business that have closed, just boarded up and the car parks empty, not just small business, some quite large supermarket sized properties.
Driving on through Naples one is confronted with Vanderbilt Avenue and a hotel labeled Ritz- Carlton, doesn’t give one the impression that we are in the cheap seats area. Then there are the gated Country Clubs as well as public golf courses that come right up to the edge of the highway, no fence, we have to assume that they are all good golfers as there is no protection for motorists against the wayward golf ball.  The Tamiami Trail is the label put on the #41 which goes from Tampa to Miami.       See Photos

The Everglades
After Naples it gets into the area just above the Everglades National park, it is still tagged as the Everglades and a lot of it is swampy, with tour operators offering Air Boat Rides at regular intervals along the road. Another interesting road sign was warning about Panthers crossing the road. We later find that they estimate there to be about 9 panthers left in the north of the everglades, where there is still some dry land. Having heard good reports on the Miccosukee Indians, their village and air boat rides.  We decided to hang out until we found them. It was well worth it, the guides were great and value for money with the ride, skimming across the swamps and through the grasses and reeds.     See Photos

Miami
We settled in at the Everglades RV Park, 24miles SW of Miami for a couple of nights, arranged a city tour and a boat cruise on Biscayne Bay for the following day.  It took 2 hours to do the 24 miles in and again afterwards to get home again.  We felt we saw what we wanted in Miami, it is a huge city with enormous skyscrapers. The City Tour was a hard seated tram look-a-like, which covered the Art Deco hotels on the beach front, complete with “Bogey” sitting in his car outside the hotel used in the film“Casablanca”,  then back to the main city area, it was a good look at the city. The boat cruise went around the islands in Biscayne Bay and they pointed out the luxurious homes belonging to the present and or past celebrities, boy there is some money tied up there, in boats as well as the houses.  Islands, bridges, and more bridges to get the traffic around.       See Photos

The Everglades National Park
The Everglades National Park is an amazing place, it covers thousands of square miles and the highest point of land within the park is 8 ft above sea level, just after entering the park we had to go through “Rock Reef Pass – Elevation 3 Feet” The whole area is a sea of water slowly moving southward from Lake Cheechobee which is 80 miles north of Miami, as the water moves slowly south sediment is trapped by grasses and small islands have formed over the years. They are called Hammocks and are usually shaped like a tadpole with the large end always to the north and are dotted over the grassy plains. Flamingo visitor centre is about 35 miles in from the park entrance and on the coast of Florida Bay.  It was named Flamingo after flocks of the birds that were seen there in 1890s, but they do not frequent the area very often now. A few dugong were seen in the marina, We were advised to call at Royal Palm a viewing point near the entrance on our way out.
Here we came close to many of the birds we had been seeing throughout the park, they seemed tom pose for the camera here, as well we were confronted by a fairly large alligator, a large turtle and a Gator Gar Fish.       See Photos

The Florida Keys
Key Largo is the first of the many islands or keys that make up the “Florida Keys”, we stayed there overnight at the John Pennekamp State Park, This park is set up for the boating fraternity, You can drive your boat up and moor for the night, hook up to power,  refuel etc. If you forgot your boat you can hire a 20 ft one for $245 per day or a 30 ft one for $340 per day, They have glass bottomed boats taking park guests out over the coral reef. 
Key West is the last of the Keys and is 100 miles from Key Largo. It was very noticeable the further down the keys the dearer petrol became $3.35 per gal at Key Largo and $3.79 at Key West other items prices rose accordingly. RV park prices were over the top, the State Parks were $42 per night, while the private parks ranged from $65 to $120 per night. That’s what you get when there is a captive audience.  
The drive down through the keys was interesting, I suppose the area could be best likened to a 100 mile stretch of the Great Barrier Reef with a string of fifty or more islands and road linking about twenty of the main ones with bridges and causeways. Between the 50 or so larger islands, there are many more little outcrops of  mangrove etc. The longest bridge in the series is seven miles long. There were several places where the old railway bridge had been left to rot away alongside the concrete highway, The railway to Key West was built by John Flagler and has been long since abandoned.
Before settling in to an RV Park at Key West we drove around the island, negotiating the very narrow streets rather tenderly. Saw the house where Ernest Hemmingway lived.  There were signs all around threatening if one was to dare park an RV on the side of the road it would be towed away. Sunset at Mallory Square is a must do on Key West, we thought it was just the novelty of watching the sunset from the Southern most point of the USA, but no, it is a full on event with street entertainers, buskers, musicians, cafes, stalls, and of course the bars, (away from the square), the whole town comes alive for it. Yachts, loaded with revelers sail past the dock, noted one with a pirate hanging on to the rigging .  We had managed to catch a bus from outside the RV park, I had asked where we could park the RV when we went to Mallory Square and were told that RVs are banned its Taxi or a bus.
We called at the marker for the Southernmost point of USA for the obligatory photo. After the event we caught the last bus for the night ,8.45pm. Taxis must do a roaring business later on.
Our RV site was backed right up to the waters edge, with the ocean lapping only 12 inches below the park grounds, I am sure the site fee included an insurance premium, to cover the site against storm damage.
We moved 5o miles north up the Keys and secured a site at another State Park, the Curry Hammock S.P.. And settled in for a couple of nights, the weather had broken and a bit of rain but still high humidity. A beautiful sandy beach , so flat you could fish for flounder, and we are on the Atlantic Ocean, not a wave. A couple of nights with calm waters and beautiful sunsets, just the way to close our RV part of the trip.  We called back at John Pennekamp SP at Key Largo and booked in for the Glass Bottom Boat cruise. We were taken 6miles off shore to the Coral Reef and viewed the fish and coral through the glass panels in the bottom of the boat. It was a nice trip and they did have the decency to rate this Atlantic Coral Reef  below the Great Barrier Reef , and we have to say it was not a patch on the Barrier Reef, for coral colour and fish size, I don’t think we saw a fish that would have been too large for a home aquarium.
Our trip in the RV has ended in Fort Lauderdale at Kozy Kampers RV Park (well recommended), where we will leave the RV in storage for the next family member to pick it up and do their thing on the East Coast of USA.  So a couple of days to clean up and pack things away before we board the Celebrity “Infinity” for the 15 day cruise back to San Diego then fly home from Los Angeles.     See Photos

We have traveled 7200 miles (12000kms) an average of 110 per day, of the 69 nights we had 1 National Park, 5 State Parks 2 Free Camping, 7 in a Resort and 54 in RV Parks
The average cost of parks (without the resort) was $32 and the average cost of fuel & Camp cost $75 per day.